Sandp sustainability index - Dec 16, 2022 · S&P Global is committed to providing transparency to the market through high-quality independent opinions on sustainability. Safeguarding the quality, independence and integrity of S&P Global’s ESG Scores, including by identifying and managing potential conflicts of interest, is embedded in its culture and at the core of everything S&P Global ...

 
Sus­tainalyt­ics. In April 2023, Credit Suisse Group received an ESG Risk Rating of 31.4 (with rating scale starting from 0 to 100) and was assessed by Sustainalytics to be at High Risk of experiencing material financial impacts from ESG factors. 2022: 29.7 (medium risk) (rating date: 08.10.2022). Rule3e

Thematic Sustainability Indices. Our thematic sustainability indices focus on a range of themes, from clean energy and natural resources to infrastructure and green real estate. Innovations in the way we construct indices, including advanced machine learning techniques, allow us to identify and track the megatrends reshaping our future.MSCI ESG Ratings provide an assessment of the long-term resilience of companies to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues. Our ESG Industry Materiality Map is a representation of the current Key ESG Issues and their contribution to companies' ESG Ratings. It is part of our ESG Ratings transparency initiatives, through which we have ... Nov 24, 2022 · Published by Statista Research Department , Nov 24, 2022. Throughout 2019 the S&P 500 and the S&P 500 ESG index had similar performances, both indexes were weighted to similar industries as the S ... S&P Global Sustainability-Linked Bond Framework. Global. ... 2021. UK Modern Slavery Act Statement. EMEA. Download. 2021. French Gender Equality Index Report (IHS ...Sep 1, 2023 · Home to the S&P 500® and Dow Jones Industrial Average®, S&P Dow Jones Indices is the world’s leading resource for benchmarks and investable indices. The S&P 500 booted electric vehicle maker Tesla from its ESG Index as part of an annual update to the list. Meanwhile, Apple, Microsoft, Amazon and even oil and gas multinational Exxon Mobil were ...The S&P 500 booted electric vehicle maker Tesla from its ESG Index as part of an annual update to the list. Meanwhile, Apple, Microsoft, Amazon and even oil and gas multinational Exxon Mobil were ...Global requirements for responsible investing are driving the demand for transparency in environmental, social and governance (ESG) considerations for benchmark and tradable indices underlying investment portfolios and other financial products. With initiatives from global supranational institutions such as EU Sustainable Finance, UN Framework ...The Dow Jones Sustainability Indices (DJSI), the leading benchmarks for corporate sustainability, are powered by the S&P Global ESG Scores. S&P Dow Jones Indices, which calculates the DJSI, uses the S&P Global ESG Scores to identify the companies with the best ESG profiles, industry by industry, to construct these “best in class” indices.Feb 18, 2021 · If your company chooses a Core CSA –with around 70 questions– you can start completing it by December 1, 2021. For a Full CSA –with around 100 questions–, you can inform the Corporate Engagement team at any time, and the questionnaire will be opened for you within 48 hours. For both options, you have time until mid-January 2022 to ... S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P Sustainability Screened Indices Methodology 4 Eligibility Criteria Index Universe Each index is constructed from constituents of the underlying index. S&P ESG Screened Index Underlying Index S&P 500 Sustainability Screened Index S&P 500 S&P MidCap 400 Sustainability Screened Index S&P MidCap 400 The largest global resource for essential index-based market concepts, data, and research, it is a major investor resource to measure and trade the markets. S&P Dow Jones Indices has been a pioneer in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) indexing for over 20 years, starting with the 1999 launch of the Dow Jones Sustainability World Index ...Jul 26, 2023 · Follow the ESG Leaders. The S&P 500® ESG Leaders Index is constructed using securities from the S&P 500 ESG Index that meet stricter sustainability criteria, while maintaining similar overall industry group weights as the S&P 500.1 The S&P 500 ESG Leaders Index takes its underlying index up a notch by applying additional exclusionary screenings based on business activities such… Aug 3, 2023 · ETFs tracking the S&P 500 Sustainability Screened Index are presented in the following table. Symbol. ETF Name. Asset Class. Total Assets*. YTD. Avg Volume. Previous Closing Price. The 2022 Environmental Performance Index (EPI) provides a data-driven summary of the state of sustainability around the world. Using 40 performance indicators across 11 issue categories, the EPI ranks 180 countries on climate change performance, environmental health, and ecosystem vitality. These indicators provide a gauge at a national scale ... According to S&P Global, the S&P Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index has returned 26.11% year-to-date. The S&P 500 has returned 24.67% and the Dow Jones Industrial Average has returned 17 ...Nov 16, 2022 · Key takeaways from G&A’s research include: 81% of Russell 1000 companies published a sustainability report in 2021, an impressive increase from 70% in 2020. The smallest half by market cap of ... Read: S&P Global Foundation The S&P Global Foundation is about much more than philanthropy—we are about making a difference by finding and developing essential connections between the knowledge- and skill-driven work of S&P Global and the needs of society. Bloomberg Ticker : SPAESAAP. The S&P/ASX 200 ESG Index is a broad-based, market-cap-weighted index that is designed to measure the performance of securities meeting sustainability criteria, while maintaining similar overall industry group weights as the S&P/ASX 200.S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P Sustainability Screened Indices Methodology 4 Eligibility Criteria Index Universe Each index is constructed from constituents of the underlying index. S&P ESG Screened Index Underlying Index S&P 500 Sustainability Screened Index S&P 500 S&P MidCap 400 Sustainability Screened Index S&P MidCap 400 The Dow Jones Sustainability Indices (DJSI) are a family of best-in-class benchmarks for investors who have recognized that sustainable business practices are critical to generating long-term shareholder value and who wish to reflect their sustainability convictions in their investment portfolios. The family was launched in 1999 as the first ...The Dow Jones Sustainability Indices (DJSI), the leading benchmarks for corporate sustainability, are powered by the S&P Global ESG Scores. S&P Dow Jones Indices, which calculates the DJSI, uses the S&P Global ESG Scores to identify the companies with the best ESG profiles, industry by industry, to construct these “best in class” indices.The Country Sustainability Ranking analyzes 150 countries spanning emerging and developed economies and is updated semi-annually. Insights from assessments and rankings are incorporated into the investment process for Robeco’s Government Bond Strategies and are also used to determine country weights in the S&P ESG Sovereign Bond Index Family.The S&P Global Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA) is an annual evaluation of companies’ sustainability practices. It covers over 10,000 companies from around the world. The CSA focuses on sustainability criteria that are both industry-specific and financially material and has been doing so since 1999. DOWNLOAD CSA FACTSHEET CSA ...Rankings. The overall performance of all 193 UN Member States. Overall Spillovers. Countries are ranked by their overall score. The overall score measures the total progress towards achieving all 17 SDGs. The score can be interpreted as a percentage of SDG achievement. A score of 100 indicates that all SDGs have been achieved. About FITLX. The investment seeks to provide investment results that correspond to the total return of the MSCI USA ESG Leaders Index. The fund normally invests at least 80% of assets in ... If your company chooses a Core CSA –with around 70 questions– you can start completing it by December 1, 2021. For a Full CSA –with around 100 questions–, you can inform the Corporate Engagement team at any time, and the questionnaire will be opened for you within 48 hours. For both options, you have time until mid-January 2022 to ...The Dow Jones Sustainability™ World Index comprises global sustainability leaders as identified by S&P Global through the Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA). It represents the top 10% of the largest 2,500 companies in the S&P Global BMI based on long-term economic, environmental and social criteria.Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index: A stock index that captures the top 20% of the largest 600 companies in the Dow Jones Global Index that are based in North America. Companies are ...1999. The first Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA) is sent to 2,000 companies. It is paper-based and all materials and evidence are returned as hard copies. Dow Jones Indexes (now S&P Dow Jones Indices) & SAM jointly launch the world’s first ever global sustainability benchmark, the DJSI World. The first ever DJSI World Index has 228 ... S&P ESG. The S&P ESG indices are broad-based, market-cap-weighted indices designed to measure the performance of securities meeting sustainability criteria, while maintaining similar overall industry group weights as their underlying benchmark. Overview Indices Index-Linked Products. The S&P 500® Environmental & Socially Responsible Index is designed to measure the performance of securities from the S&P 500 that meet environmental and social sustainability criteria. S&P Global S&P Dow Jones IndicesSUSTAINABILITY INDICES Pause S&P Global Sustainable1 matches customers with the sustainability products, insights and solutions from across S&P Global’s divisions to help meet their unique needs.The S&P Global Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA) is an annual evaluation of companies’ sustainability practices. It covers over 10,000 companies from around the world. The CSA focuses on sustainability criteria that are both industry-specific and financially material and has been doing so since 1999. DOWNLOAD CSA FACTSHEET CSA ...Reuters. UBS sees end of S&P 500 profit recession, index to 4700 by June 2024. 17 hours ago. Yahoo Finance. Investors Optimistic About S&P 500: ETFs in Focus. 1 day ago. Forexlive. UBS forecasts ...The S&P 500 ESG Index is a broad-based, market-cap-weighted index that is designed to measure the performance of securities meeting sustainability criteria, while maintaining similar overall industry group weights as the S&P 500. Documents Factsheet Methodology Additional Info Index Classification ESG Core ESG S&P ESG News & Announcements SEE ALLKey takeaways from G&A’s research include: 81% of Russell 1000 companies published a sustainability report in 2021, an impressive increase from 70% in 2020. The smallest half by market cap of ...The Dow Jones Sustainability™ World Index comprises global sustainability leaders as identified by S&P Global through the Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA). It represents the top 10% of the largest 2,500 companies in the S&P Global BMI based on long-term economic, environmental and social criteria.Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index: A stock index that captures the top 20% of the largest 600 companies in the Dow Jones Global Index that are based in North America. Companies are ...SUSTAINABILITY INDICES Pause S&P Global Sustainable1 matches customers with the sustainability products, insights and solutions from across S&P Global’s divisions to help meet their unique needs.S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P Sustainability Screened Indices Methodology 4 Eligibility Criteria Index Universe Each index is constructed from constituents of the underlying index. S&P ESG Screened Index Underlying Index S&P 500 Sustainability Screened Index S&P 500 S&P MidCap 400 Sustainability Screened Index S&P MidCap 400 The Dow Jones Sustainability Index is a publicly acclaimed index that measures the sustainability performance of 500 of the largest companies in 20 different countries. The DJSI only lists the top 10% most sustainable companies on their list, so there are a little under 50 ‘most sustainable’ companies worldwide currently listed by the DJSI. Provides companies with information on the rationale and intent behind general and cross-industry questions of the CSA. The CSA Companion offers additional details on the structure of each question, definitions used and references. It includes a summary mapping questions in the S&P Global CSA to their corresponding GRI reporting criteria.INTRODUCTION. The year 1999 gave the world the euro, The Matrix, and the world’s first ever global sustainability benchmark—the Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI). The product of a landmark collaboration between S&P Dow Jones Indices and SAM (now RobecoSAM), the DJSI pioneered sustainable indexing and has shaped corporate sustainability ...MSCI ESG Ratings provide an assessment of the long-term resilience of companies to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues. Our ESG Industry Materiality Map is a representation of the current Key ESG Issues and their contribution to companies' ESG Ratings. It is part of our ESG Ratings transparency initiatives, through which we have ...A record number of 1,728 DJSI eligible companies actively participated, an increase of 9% over last year in this group. Of all invited companies, 2,480 have already submitted, representing over 48% of global market capitalization, relative to the S&P Global Broad Market Index (BMI), up from 45% in 2021. The assessment is still ongoing until end ...Nov 2, 2020 · The largest global resource for essential index-based market concepts, data, and research, it is a major investor resource to measure and trade the markets. S&P Dow Jones Indices has been a pioneer in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) indexing for over 20 years, starting with the 1999 launch of the Dow Jones Sustainability World Index. Dow Jones Sustainability World Index: A global index consisting of the top 10% of the largest stocks in the Dow Jones Global Indexes (which cover more than 2,500 companies) in terms of their ...1999. The first Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA) is sent to 2,000 companies. It is paper-based and all materials and evidence are returned as hard copies. Dow Jones Indexes (now S&P Dow Jones Indices) & SAM jointly launch the world’s first ever global sustainability benchmark, the DJSI World. The first ever DJSI World Index has 228 ... Unlike other indices, the AIChE Sustainability Index benchmarks well-defined performance metrics and indicators, including EH&S performance, innovation, and societal measures. The metrics are based on over 30 sources of public data and allow companies to measure their efforts at the company and sector level.The largest global resource for essential index-based market concepts, data, and research, it is a major investor resource to measure and trade the markets. S&P Dow Jones Indices has been a pioneer in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) indexing for over 20 years, starting with the 1999 launch of the Dow Jones Sustainability World Index.Sep 1, 2023 · Home to the S&P 500® and Dow Jones Industrial Average®, S&P Dow Jones Indices is the world’s leading resource for benchmarks and investable indices. Broad Market Index). The S&P Global research universe comprises companies that are part of core S&P Dow Jones Indices benchmarks, companies that are eligible for the Dow Jones Sustainability Indices and other companies that are relevant for or requested by investors. As of March 2022, 2,250+ companies (representing overAug 25, 2023 · March 9th. The 2023 Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA) opens for all companies on April 4, 2023. Join this webinar to understand the new participation process, and to register your company to complete the CSA during an assessment window that best meets your reporting cycle and project planning needs. Watch Replay. Thematic Sustainability Indices. Our thematic sustainability indices focus on a range of themes, from clean energy and natural resources to infrastructure and green real estate. Innovations in the way we construct indices, including advanced machine learning techniques, allow us to identify and track the megatrends reshaping our future.The S&P Global Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA) is an annual evaluation of companies’ sustainability practices. It covers over 10,000 companies from around the world. The CSA focuses on sustainability criteria that are both industry-specific and financially material and has been doing so since 1999. DOWNLOAD CSA FACTSHEET CSA ... Dec 16, 2022 · S&P Global is committed to providing transparency to the market through high-quality independent opinions on sustainability. Safeguarding the quality, independence and integrity of S&P Global’s ESG Scores, including by identifying and managing potential conflicts of interest, is embedded in its culture and at the core of everything S&P Global ... March 9th. The 2023 Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA) opens for all companies on April 4, 2023. Join this webinar to understand the new participation process, and to register your company to complete the CSA during an assessment window that best meets your reporting cycle and project planning needs. Watch Replay.How a sustainability index can keep Exxon but drop Tesla – and 3 ways to fix ESG ratings to meet investors’ expectations Published: May 24, 2022 2.58pm EDT • Updated: May 25, 2022 10.51pm ...Follow the ESG Leaders. The S&P 500® ESG Leaders Index is constructed using securities from the S&P 500 ESG Index that meet stricter sustainability criteria, while maintaining similar overall industry group weights as the S&P 500.1 The S&P 500 ESG Leaders Index takes its underlying index up a notch by applying additional exclusionary screenings based on business activities such…The Dow Jones Sustainability Indices (DJSI), the leading benchmarks for corporate sustainability, are powered by the S&P Global ESG Scores. S&P Dow Jones Indices, which calculates the DJSI, uses the S&P Global ESG Scores to identify the companies with the best ESG profiles, industry by industry, to construct these “best in class” indices.Key findings of G&A’s 2021 Sustainability Reporting in Focus report, focusing on the 2020 publication year, include: 92% of the S&P 500 companies published a sustainability report in 2020, up ...In 2023, S&P Global will invite over 13,000 companies to participate in the CSA. This includes: Companies will be invited in three groups, starting with those eligible for any Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI). The list of invited companies will be updated with the other groups in the coming weeks. All companies that participated in the ...If your company chooses a Core CSA –with around 70 questions– you can start completing it by December 1, 2021. For a Full CSA –with around 100 questions–, you can inform the Corporate Engagement team at any time, and the questionnaire will be opened for you within 48 hours. For both options, you have time until mid-January 2022 to ...This includes benchmarking, analytics, evaluations, and indices that provide customers with a 360-degree view to help achieve their sustainability goals. S&P Dow Jones Indices, a division of S&P Global also won the ESG index provider of the year award, after several index launches such as the S&P Sustainability Screened Indices in July last ...Sep 1, 2023 · Home to the S&P 500® and Dow Jones Industrial Average®, S&P Dow Jones Indices is the world’s leading resource for benchmarks and investable indices. บทความฉบับนี้ขอยกตัวอย่าง Sustainability Index ในต่างประเทศ โดยแยกเป็น 2 กลุ่ม คือ กลุ่มที่ 1 ผู้จัดทำาดัชนีชั้นนำา (Index Provider)จำานวน 4 แห่ง ...This includes benchmarking, analytics, evaluations, and indices that provide customers with a 360-degree view to help achieve their sustainability goals. S&P Dow Jones Indices, a division of S&P Global also won the ESG index provider of the year award, after several index launches such as the S&P Sustainability Screened Indices in July last ...S&P 500 Today: Get all information on the S&P 500 Index including historical chart, news and constituents.The index family is based on S&P DJI ESG Scores, based on the results of the annual S&P Global Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA). The index family includes broad market indices like the S&P 500 ESG, S&P Europe 350 ESG, S&P Global 1200 ESG, and S&P Japan 500 ESG, designed to closely track their parent indices with similar risk and return ...Jun 29, 2022 · Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index: A stock index that captures the top 20% of the largest 600 companies in the Dow Jones Global Index that are based in North America. Companies are ... Adani Enterprises was added to the Dow Jones Sustainability Emerging Markets Index as of Dec. 19, 2022, according to a list of components on S&P Global's website. Stock Chart Icon Stock chart iconof S&P Dow Jones Indices (S&PDJI), RobecoSAM’s longtime partner for the Dow Jones Sustainability Indices (DJSI). The transcation was completed early January 2020 and SAM is now a part of S&P Global. The transaction covering all assets branded “SAM” and “Corporate Sustainability Assessment” includesThe Sustainability Yearbook - 2023 Rankings. The Sustainability Yearbook 2023 considered over 7,800 companies assessed in the 2022 Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA). This page provides the ranking of the 712 companies selected for this year’s Yearbook based on their S&P Global ESG Scores calculated from the CSA.The term sustainability is derived from the Latin word sustinere. "To sustain" can mean to maintain, support, uphold, or endure. [27] [28] So sustainability is the ability to continue over a long period of time. In the past, sustainability referred to environmental sustainability. Back-tested performance reflects application of an index methodology and selection of index constituents with the benefit of hindsight and knowledge of factors that may have positively affected its performance, cannot account for all financial risk that may affect results and may be considered to reflect survivor/look ahead bias.MSCI ESG Ratings provide an assessment of the long-term resilience of companies to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues. Our ESG Industry Materiality Map is a representation of the current Key ESG Issues and their contribution to companies' ESG Ratings. It is part of our ESG Ratings transparency initiatives, through which we have ... 12 Nov, 2021, 18:01 ET. NEW YORK and AMSTERDAM, Nov. 12, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- S&P Dow Jones Indices ("S&P DJI"), the world's leading index provider, today announced the results of the annual Dow ...Product Name. Product Type. S&P 500 Sustainability Screened Index. iShares® ESG Screened S&P 500 ETF. ETF. S&P MidCap 400 Sustainability Screened Index. iShares® ESG Screened S&P Mid-Cap ETF. ETF. S&P SmallCap 600 Sustainability Screened Index.

Bloomberg Ticker : SPAESAAP. The S&P/ASX 200 ESG Index is a broad-based, market-cap-weighted index that is designed to measure the performance of securities meeting sustainability criteria, while maintaining similar overall industry group weights as the S&P/ASX 200.. What is lowe

sandp sustainability index

Sep 1, 2019 · INTRODUCTION. The year 1999 gave the world the euro, The Matrix, and the world’s first ever global sustainability benchmark—the Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI). The product of a landmark collaboration between S&P Dow Jones Indices and SAM (now RobecoSAM), the DJSI pioneered sustainable indexing and has shaped corporate sustainability ... Feb 1, 2022 · BBVA has improved one position in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI), thus becoming the most sustainable bank in the world, together with the South Korean bank, KB Financial Group. Both banks received the highest score in the global banks category. After holding the second position for the past two years, this is the first time that BBVA ... Core Components: V.E Sustainability Ratings provide three pieces of information: A forward-looking view re growth and resiliency. An ESG risk exposure view, looking at controversies and sector trends. A sustainability impact view, looking at impacts of operations and products. History: 2019: Moody’s acquires a majority stake in Vigeo EirisBack-tested performance reflects application of an index methodology and selection of index constituents with the benefit of hindsight and knowledge of factors that may have positively affected its performance, cannot account for all financial risk that may affect results and may be considered to reflect survivor/look ahead bias.ETFs tracking the S&P 500 Sustainability Screened Index are presented in the following table. Symbol. ETF Name. Asset Class. Total Assets*. YTD. Avg Volume. Previous Closing Price.The nation is the third-largest consumer of energy globally, according to data from S&P Global Commodity Insights. Total primary energy demand more than doubled from 2000 to 2020, surging to 937 million tons of oil equivalent (Mtoe) from 417 Mtoe. Still, India’s energy consumption per capita is less than 1/10th of the US’s.Jul 26, 2023 · Follow the ESG Leaders. The S&P 500® ESG Leaders Index is constructed using securities from the S&P 500 ESG Index that meet stricter sustainability criteria, while maintaining similar overall industry group weights as the S&P 500.1 The S&P 500 ESG Leaders Index takes its underlying index up a notch by applying additional exclusionary screenings based on business activities such… The Sustainability Yearbook 2022 considered over 7,500 companies assessed in the 2021 Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA). This page provides the ranking of the 700+ companies selected for this year’s Yearbook based on their S&P Global ESG Scores calculated from the CSA. Learn more about the Yearbook Methodology. DISTINCTION COMPANY NAMEHow a sustainability index can keep Exxon but drop Tesla – and 3 ways to fix ESG ratings to meet investors’ expectations Published: May 24, 2022 2.58pm EDT • Updated: May 25, 2022 10.51pm ...Key findings of G&A’s 2021 Sustainability Reporting in Focus report, focusing on the 2020 publication year, include: 92% of the S&P 500 companies published a sustainability report in 2020, up ...The ESG risk of Schwab® S&P 500 Index Fund's holdings is comparable to its peers in the US Equity Large Cap Blend category, thus earning an average Morningstar Sustainability Rating of 3 globes ...S&P Global Ratings' second party opinions and company sustainability assessments, and its related sustainability research, insight, and analysis, are for companies looking to help their investors gain a better understanding of their strategy, purpose, and management quality.The Dow Jones Sustainability Indices (DJSI) are a family of best-in-class benchmarks for investors who have recognized that sustainable business practices are critical to generating long-term shareholder value and who wish to reflect their sustainability convictions in their investment portfolios. The family was launched in 1999 as the first ...S&P 500 Today: Get all information on the S&P 500 Index including historical chart, news and constituents. The S&P 500 ESG Index is a broad-based, market-cap-weighted index that is designed to measure the performance of securities meeting sustainability criteria, while maintaining similar overall industry group weights as the S&P 500. Documents Factsheet Methodology Additional Info Index Classification ESG Core ESG S&P ESG News & Announcements SEE ALLDownload now. While the assessment portal will open its doors on Tuesday 5 April for companies eligible for inclusion in the Dow Jones Sustainability Indices (DJSI), S&P Global has already announced the forthcoming methodology changes for the 2022 CSA during a webcast on 15 March. Finch & Beak has summarized the announced changes in this article.S&P ESG. The S&P ESG indices are broad-based, market-cap-weighted indices designed to measure the performance of securities meeting sustainability criteria, while maintaining similar overall industry group weights as their underlying benchmark. Overview Indices Index-Linked Products. S&P 500 Today: Get all information on the S&P 500 Index including historical chart, news and constituents. The S&P Global Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA) is an annual evaluation of companies’ sustainability practices. It covers over 10,000 companies from around the world. The CSA focuses on sustainability criteria that are both industry-specific and financially material and has been doing so since 1999. DOWNLOAD CSA FACTSHEET CSA ....

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